there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
city; Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
while; during; while; although; all; both
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
to finish; to get through with; to graduate; to come to an end; to end; to finish doing ...
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to close (e.g. book, eyes, meeting, etc.); to shut
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
to colour; to color; to apply make-up; to decorate; to garnish
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
grain; bead; drop; counter for small round objects including grains, seeds, pills, drops
as if; as though; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest; really; completely
gem; jewel; precious stone
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
to put out one's hand; to extend one's arm; to reach (for); to try one's hand at (something new)
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
it was, wasn't it?; must have been; I think (it was); how might it have been?
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to get close; to cuddle close together; to nestle close to; to snuggle up to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
how long; how far; how much
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to pass (of time); to elapse
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward