each country; every country; various countries; all countries
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
refreshment; something refreshing; welcome relief; tonic; refreshing medicine
breaking down; defeating; abolishing
for the present; for the time being
erasure; striking off; crossing out; cancellation; deletion
to be appointed to a rank
commemorative plaque (usu. on a stone); stone monument (bearing an inscription)
to coat a surface with something that adheres strongly when hardened (i.e. grout, plaster, lacquer); to cover up (e.g. truth); to varnish (e.g. with lies, rumors)
decoration; ornamental item
to live up to (one's) expectations; to meet expectations
assumption (of office); taking up (a post); inauguration; installation
stuffed specimen; taxidermy mount; stuffing; mounting
railroad; railway; rail transport
setting off (on a trip); departure
gallery (in a theatre); upper gallery; cheap seats; nosebleed section; the gods
tsumugi; pongee; traditional rough-surfaced cloth woven from raw silk
new rice; first rice crop of the year; novice; beginner; newcomer
(religious) precept; discipline; commandment; mitzvah
work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus
main point; gist; essentials; bones (e.g. of an idea); pith
reading matter; reading material
unless one ...; if one does not ...
encouragement; cheering on
to dispatch (someone); to send; to make go fast (a car, horse, etc.); to drive; to move quickly (one's pen, eyes, etc.); to run (one's eyes over something)
conjecture; guesswork; guess
will; desire; eagerness; interest; drive; motivation
to become keen on; to get passionate about
reader (person); person who reads the cards (in karuta games); composer (of a poem)
to slam into; to crash into; to run into; to face (trouble, difficulties, etc.); to confront
surplus-; excess-; over-; per- (chemical with more of a certain element than found in other compounds of the same constituents)
adaptation; accommodation; conformity
heresy; nonconformism; heathenism; paganism
white heat; incandescence; (emitting) white light; becoming excited; getting heated (e.g. of a discussion); reaching a climax
to get to the heart (of the matter); to come to the main point