cooperation; collaboration; help; support
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
summons; subpoena; citation; summoning (a spirit, demon, etc.); evocation; invocation
autograph; signature; sign; signal; indication
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
hostility; antagonism; opposition
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at)
sending home; repatriation; deportation
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
(one's) self; oneself; yourself; himself; herself
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
appeal; call for something; request; axiom
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
transmission; propagation; spread; circulation; diffusion; dissemination
a second time; again; once more; twice
intruder; invader; trespasser; raider
to gesture to come closer; to beckon; to call; to summon
pile; pool; gathering spot; waiting place for a wrestler beside the ring; liquid runoff from miso preparation; tamari
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
celebration (of a joyous occasion); blessing; giving one's blessing; blessing (from God)
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
torrent (file); torrenting
to call (someone) to (the door, phone, etc.); to tell (someone) to come; to call up (on the phone); to invoke (e.g. a subroutine); to call; to open (e.g. a file)
riding (on horseback); mounting (a horse)
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat