far away; distant place; long ago; far back; by far
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa- nostalgic; old-fashioned
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
matchmaker; go-between; intermediary; middleman
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
formal marriage interview
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
company; friendship; association; society; acquaintance
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
mutually; reciprocally; together
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
to come together; to join; to get married; to become a married couple
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
inclination; slant; slope; bevel; list; dip
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
sometimes; occasionally; at times; seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion)
older sister; elder sister
use; utilization; utilisation; application
rate; ratio; comparatively; contrary to expectations
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
in that way; thus; so; so?
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)