great emperor; ... the Great
modern state; modern nation
twentieth century; Nijisseiki pear (variety of nashi); Nijusseiki pear
Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815)
intellectual; educated person; intelligentsia
permeation (of thought, ideology, culture, etc.); infiltration (e.g. of ideas); permeation (of a liquid, etc.); soaking; osmosis
to content oneself with; to be resigned to (one's fate); to be contented (satisfied) with (one's lot)
blind (devotion, faith, etc.); reckless
oppression; suppression; pressure
Decembrist (19th century Russian revolutionary)
insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; uprising
Imperial Russia (1721-1917); Tsarist Russia
scholar of literature; literary person; man of letters; writer
individualism; egoism; selfishness
idea; conception; way of thinking; approach; expression
cooperative body; cooperative system; collective; community
general public; the masses
illiteracy; illiterate person; an illiterate
rate; ratio; proportion; percentage
percent; per cent; percentage
pressure; encouragement; urging; promoting
dimension; perspective; point of reference; level (of something)
February and August (months when business is generally at its slowest)
28th day of the month; 28 days
undivided attention; concentration
able-bodied; robust; sturdy; strong
peerless; unparalleled; unparallelled
reflective; introspective
department (of a university or hospital); course (of study); branch of study; family
wine and women; sensual pleasures; dissipation
leaving school during a term
hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
enlightenment; illumination
military cadet; officer cadet