naturally; of course; understandably
primary school; elementary school; grade school
that is to say; so that means
dropping out of school; withdrawing from school; expulsion from school; dismissal; leaving school (university, etc.) after completing a course
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look down on (someone); to make fun of; to put down; to treat with contempt; to underestimate
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
My goodness!; Good lord!; Holy cow!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
such ... as; or some such
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding (e.g. "please be understanding of the mess during our renovation"); noting; acceptance
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to drain; to pour; to wash away; to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.); to circulate; to cruise (e.g. taxi); to float
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
and so on; and so forth; et cetera; and such; and the like
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart