end; close; conclusion; termination
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
desolate field; withered field
corner; edge; (street) corner; turning; rough edges (of one's character, words, etc.); abrasiveness
river; stream; River; the ... river
library; book collection; paperback book
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
old tale; folk tale; legend; reminiscence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
incident; affair; happening; event
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to destroy; to overthrow; to wreck; to ruin
should; must; -able; probably; likely
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
beginning; outset; first; onset
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
nail; spike; tack; rivet; brad; (pachinko) pin