penalty; sentence; punishment
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
assistance; help; helper; babe; chick; broad
Kaiseijo (school of foreign studies set up by the shogunate during the Edo period)
citizen; resident; person; user (of a website, esp. as a collective, e.g. Twittersphere)
elder statesman; doyen; old-timer; Genro (member of a pre-WWII body that informally advised the emperor)
government service; the bureaucracy
(arch.) straight; ordinary; common; doing nothing
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
Yue (kingdom in ancient China; 6th C-334 BCE); Vietnam
nth year in the Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
instruction; guidance; tutelage; (arch.) licensed elementary school teacher
envoy; diplomat below the rank of ambassador (e.g. deputy chief of mission, charge d'affaires); minister (of legation)
breaks and pauses (in a sentence); punctuation; way of reading (esp. kanbun)
stillness; quiet; peacefulness
medical science; medicine
medicine; the healing art; healing; doctor
origin; source; virtuous ancestor
view (of life, etc.); outlook
charity; benevolence; philanthropy; (love for) humanity; fraternity; brotherhood
study of the English language as a means to acquire Western knowledge (esp. after the end of Japan's period of isolation); English literature; British studies
all kinds of things; various things; large number of people
life; living; I; me; student
Dutch studies; studies of Western knowledge
the Snake (sixth sign of the Chinese zodiac); the Serpent; hour of the Snake (around 10am, 9-11am, or 10am-12 noon); south-southeast; fourth month of the lunar calendar
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
next (year, spring, etc.); coming; since (last month, etc.); for (20 years, etc.)
department; section; course (of study); branch of study; (taxonomical) family