direct; frank; straightforward; decisive; prompt
to recite; to chant; to cry; to yell; to advocate; to advance
to harm; to hurt; to injure; to damage
to injure; to damage; to kill; to hinder; to obstruct
this way; here; the person in question; he; since (a time in the past); prior to (a time in the future)
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
to blow (of the wind); to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to emit (smoke, fire, etc.); to spout
in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; after all
unpleasant; disagreeable; displeasing; uncomfortable; unhappy
bottom current; undercurrent
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
real intention; motive; true opinion; what one really thinks
and so on; and so forth; et cetera; comment; criticism
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
severe punishment; rigorous measures
indirection; indirectness
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
single word; a few words; brief comment
objection; dissent; protest
bureaucrat; government official; bureaucracy
to smoke; to smoulder; to be sooty; to be smoke-stained; to smoulder (e.g. a dispute); to smolder
to spout out; to spurt out; to sprout; to bud; to burst into laughter; to blow (smoke, etc.)
what is worse; to make matters worse
to present; to offer; to show; to display; to assume (e.g. a shape)
anti-; antithesis; fanqie; traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used: the first one for the onset, the second one for rhyme and tone
to gather strength; to take heart
family working in the forest industry; forestry family
ancestor; forefather; originator; pioneer; grandfather
Edo shogunate (1603-1867)
official Confucian teacher
three generations; three periods; third generation
learning; scholarship; study; study of ...; -ology; -ics
to rule; to govern; to administer
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into