oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to mince; to cut fine; to carve; to engrave; to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to etch (into one's mind)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(a) little; (a) few; slight; only; just; merely
four characters; four letters
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death); to bequeath
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to roll; to wheel; to turn over; to tip over; to leave; to buy and sell (quickly for a profit)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to blow fiercely; to rage; (arch.) to play (a flute, etc.) for fun
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
battlefield; battleground
to resound; to echo; to reverberate
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to dash against (of waves); to billow; to roll; to wave (e.g. in the wind); to heave; to pound (of a heart)
color of honey (colour); honey-colored; honey-coloured
to tie up; to tie together; to hang (oneself); to summarize; to put (it all) together; to estimate; to expect