prefix for forming ordinal numbers
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
risky; dangerous; suggestive; bordering on the obscene; (arch.) extreme; (arch.) harsh
upstart; parvenu; jumped-up person
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
back street; back alley; off-street
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
to put one's life on the line; to risk one's life; to put everything one has into it
historic ruins (remains, relics); archeological site
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
mystery; something inexplicable; unfathomable (of a Buddha's abilities); 10^64 (or 10^80)
woman; female; feminine gender
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
after that; afterwards; thereafter
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
for better or worse; for good and bad; regardless of merit; both good and bad
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
weak person; the weak; vulnerable person; disadvantaged person
suffering; distress; hardship; trial
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
monster; monstrosity; giant; influential figure; monsterlike; over-demanding
strong person; the strong; the powerful
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable