to make a copy (of); to copy (down); to transcribe; to reproduce; to trace
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
fierce dog; ferocious dog; savage dog
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
mere shadow of one's former self; having no trace left (of former glories, talent, looks, etc.); unrecognizable (as the person one used to be); unrecognisable
to crack a joke; to tell a joke
marked; pronounced; showing a strong tendency (towards)
leading; prominent; eminent; counting on one's fingers
(facial) expression (esp. fierce, fearless, sinister, etc.); look
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
to see through; to see into (someone's heart, mind, etc.); to perceive; to find out; to detect
intestines; bowels; entrails; guts; placenta (of a pumpkin, melon, etc.); fibrous pulp
to sacrifice oneself (for); to give one's life (for); to follow (someone) in taking the same action (out of respect or loyalty; e.g. resigning together with a superior); to follow suit (out of a sense of duty); to follow (one's master) into the grave; to commit suicide (after one's lord has died)
sympathy; empathy; response; identification (with someone)
opening performance; opening act; curtain raiser; minor performer; minor storyteller; subordinate part
to disdain; to look down on; to make light of; to hold in contempt; to scorn; to despise
insufficiency; deficiency; shortage; dissatisfaction; discontent; complaint
getting poised again for charging; toeing the mark again; starting again; getting a fresh start; going back to square one
Naniwa (former name for Osaka region)
to throw into; to toss into; to throw-in; to play a throw-in
to glare at each other; to confront each other
four; 4; four years of age; ten o'clock (in the old time system); burakumin; cross grips
intimidating air; sense of intimidation
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
to collapse (of a building, dream, plan, etc.); to be destroyed; to fall through; to be completely defeated (in battle); to be wiped out; to be routed
slanting; tilted; sloping; distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood)
to take (someone) by surprise; to do something unexpected
to be unable to; to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do; to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously; to contain (or combine) two or more features; to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.); to do alongside
dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass
gracious (defeat, apology, etc.); graceful; upright; righteous; (arch.) unspoiled (scenery, etc.); (arch.) pure
cavity; hollow; cave; hollow
to project; to reflect; to cast (shadow)
profound; deep; deep (of a cave, etc.); innermost; interior
empty; hollow; bare; main hall of a temple (often vast and empty)
to melt; to liquefy; to dissolve (in a liquid); to bring into solution; to lose (money; through gambling, etc.); to squander
to spout out; to spurt out; to sprout; to bud; to burst into laughter; to blow (smoke, etc.)
gas (as a fuel); gas (state of matter); poison gas; dense fog; thick fog; gas stove; gas cooker
precipitation; deposition; settlement (e.g. of sediment)
in the twinkling of an eye; in a flash
Qing dynasty (of China; 1644-1912); Ch'ing dynasty; Manchu dynasty
to impose (a tax, fine, etc.); to levy; to assign (a task, duty, etc.); to give; to set
standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert; quarantine
black; black stone; guilt; guilty person