unnecessary; not needed; not necessary
via; through; by doing; by means of; using
chain reaction; nuclear chain reaction
strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification
the people; citizens; the populace
by choice; of one's own free will; on one's own initiative; off one's own bat
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
self-esteem; self-respect; self-importance; conceit; pride
rubbing the wrong way (e.g. a cat); irritating
ancient times; distant past; antiquity
establishment; founding; setting (a record)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to cut apart (cloth, paper, etc.); to sever (ties); to break off (relationship); to cut off (enemy's retreat); to block (road, etc.)
to remake; to remold; to remould; to convert; to reconstruct; to adapt
touchstone; Lydian stone; touchstone (e.g. of success); test; litmus test
-ing and -ing (e.g. "coming and going"); doing such things as...; expresses a command; (arch.) to be; (arch.) indicates completion or continuation of an action
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
to attract interest; to arouse someone's interest
to bend oneself forward (esp. in curiosity or excitement); to hang out (e.g. over a balcony)
with all due respect ...; I venture to say ...; Excuse me, but ...
later on; eventually; afterwards
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder
simple; plain; uncomplicated; straightforward; simple-minded; naive
in line with this; therefore
consenting to; being convinced of; being satisfied; understanding
a line; a streak; one item (in an itemized form); one clause; one matter (affair, event, case, incident); (arch.) the same logic
to squeeze out; to wring out
one's weak point; one's sore spot; raw nerve
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
let me humbly say; most humbly; with all due respect
important; having a high status; having standing; exalted; of high station
to take a risk for someone; to endanger oneself for someone; (lit.) to gather chestnuts from the fire
admirable; commendable; praiseworthy; laudable; brave; heroic
perhaps; possibly; by some chance; by some possibility
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
close (e.g. friend); familiar; familiar (e.g. story); well-known (to one); close (relatives); closely related
to knit one's brows (in discomfort, unease, disapproval, etc.); to raise one's eyebrows; to frown; to scowl