indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cross over; to go across; to extend; to cover; to range
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
actual spot; scene (of a crime, accident, etc.); (on) site; (on) the ground; filming location; (movie) set
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
mystery; something inexplicable; unfathomable (of a Buddha's abilities); 10^64 (or 10^80)
incident; affair; happening; event
kind; sort; type; equal; match; peer
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
fox (esp. the red fox, Vulpes vulpes); fox (i.e. a sly person); soba or udon topped with deep-fried tofu; light brown; golden brown
to concern; to be related
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
sometimes; occasionally; at times; seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
those (near the second person)
news coverage; collecting data (e.g. for an article); covering (something for media); interview
target; object (of worship, study, etc.); subject (of taxation, etc.)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
detailed; full; minute; knowing very well; knowledgeable (about); well-acquainted (with)
record; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); results; to record; to document
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to etch (name, etc.); to carve (design)
small; fine; detailed; stingy
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
vivid; bright; brilliant; skillful; skilful; adept