indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
teatime; tea break; coffee break
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
(medical) doctor; physician
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to keep (a pet or other animal); to have; to own; to raise; to rear; to feed
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
granny; grandma; gran; old lady; old woman
loveable; very likeable; like very much
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
father; dad; husband; you; he
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
aloneness; loneliness; solitude
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to talk; to chat; to chatter
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this world; this life; world of the living
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
reason; logic; sense; natural way of things
to joke; to jest; to make fun of; to laugh at; to romp; to gambol
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed