to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong)
(inflected) end of a word; end of a sentence
the place one comes from; one's birthplace; one's hometown
confession; acknowledgement; confession of love; professing one's feelings; confession of sins (e.g. the confessional)
plausible; believable; solemn; dignified; serious
to express (orally); to put into words; to say out loud
to strike; to hit; to beat; to punch
side (of the torso); flank; illegitimate child; child born by someone other than one's wife
thin arm; slender arm; slender means; meager ability to earn a living
to pierce; to stab; to sting; to bite; to sew; to stitch; to pole (a boat)
sluggish; languid; listless; bothersome; tiresome; pain-in-the-ass
establishment; settlement
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
complete denial; complete disavowal; total negation
depiction; description; portrayal
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
to put someone to work; to make someone work
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
anyway; by the way; incidentally; well; to change the subject
to hurt; to injure; to harm; to damage; to worry; to bother
oh!; ah!; oh dear!; good grief!; dear me!; thank God!
accepted; fully-fledged; clear; respectable
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
fashion; trend; vogue; prevalence (of a disease); epidemic
to fire oneself up; to give it one's all; to get psyched; to fire someone up (with scolding, corporal punishment, etc.); to rouse
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
comparatively; relatively; unexpectedly; unusually; considering; for one's ...
relatively; comparatively
busyness; a lot of things to do; frequent use; heavy use (of); many uses
to throw out one's chest; to be puffed up with pride
origin; appearance of auspicious omen
farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long
trade; buying and selling; trafficking (e.g. of humans, arms, drugs); dealing
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
loanword; foreign-origin word
Japanese writing paper (lined with a square grid, one square per character); manuscript paper