grandfather (may be used after name as honorific); male senior-citizen (may be used after name as honorific)
to put on airs; to act big; to throw one's weight about; to be overbearing; to be domineering; to be bossy
to realize; to realise; to hit upon something
rescue; extricate; reclaim; deliverance
pipe shaft (in a building); riser shaft
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
to sum up; to summarize; to summarise
dubious; puzzled; suspicious
to look (stare) back at (somebody); to look at again; to re-examine; to prove oneself superior (to someone who had previously been condescending); to look back (behind oneself)
grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man
surname; family name; last name
soft (and fluffy) (e.g. bed, bread, baked potato); (arch.) absent-mindedly
thickness; profundity; depth
to form; to shape; to make; to mold; to mould; to build up
(tree) trunk; (arrow) shaft; (tool) handle; backbone; base
faint; trance; swoon; stupefaction
mid-January festival in northern Japan, with snow huts in which children play house; snow hut
root; source; origin; foundation; basis; essence
cellar; cave; hole in the ground
reinforcement; strengthening
substitute; replacement; stand-in; proxy; compensation; exchange
effective temperature; wind-chill index (factor)
wide difference; a world of difference
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
to be wet; to be moist; to get dim; to become blurred; to become tear-choked
serious; not joking; straight
(in the) confusion (of the moment)
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
regulations; rules; (local) regulation; ordinance; bylaw
if you think about it; come to think of it
lonely (place); remote; in the middle of nowhere
Japan Self-Defense Forces; JSDF; self-defence force; self-defense force