indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
knock; knocking; fungo hitting; hitting balls for fielding practice; tap; click (e.g. of a retractable pen or mechanical pencil)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
one way or another; in many ways; in various ways
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
drone beetle (Pseudotorynorrhina japonica); scarab beetle
nakedness; nudity; bareness; nakedness; being penniless; concealing nothing
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
crash; smashing (into); ramming; clash (of views, interests, teams, etc.); conflict
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
slovenly (appearance, work, etc.); sloppy; untidy; weak; feeble; weak-willed
middle-aged man; Buddhist priest
the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; thing inside one's body believed to influence one's thoughts and feelings; (one's) unconscious; nervousness
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
successively; one after another
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
transformation; abnormality; sexual perversion; pervert; metamorphosis; transformation
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
just barely; only just; at the very limit; at the last moment
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
previous work; preceding work; previous title; first crop grown in a double-cropped field; preceding crop
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
passage (of time); elapsing; progress; development; transit
work (e.g. of art); piece; harvest; crop; technique
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to be able (to); to be possible (to)