educational institution; school; academy; campus
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.); quitting
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
little by little; bit by bit
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to fall into ruin; to become dilapidated; to become run-down; to become desolate; to be badly neglected
territory (of country, feudal domain, etc.); (arch.) counter for suits of clothing, sets of armor, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
gradually; by degrees; little by little; steps; stairs; staircase
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
energy; vigour; vigor; liveliness; spirit; life
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
cooperation; collaboration; help; support
(good) result; outcome; fruits (of one's labors); product; accomplishment
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
apt to (do); liable to; predominantly; mostly; ... reaps the rewards; ... takes the prize
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to take the middle (between the two); to split the difference
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
local governor (Edo period); local magistrate; bailiff; deputy official (Middle Ages); acting administrator
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far