yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
dry field farming; dry field crop
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
grassy field; grassland; meadow; grass-covered plain; savannah; prairie
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
as you see; as you can see; in accordance with what you see
grass; weed; (arch.) ninja; marijuana; cannabis; not genuine
nothing but; except; no more than
to grow; to spring up; to sprout; to cut (teeth)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
soil; breeding ground (for); fertile ground (for)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
how many people; a number of people
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
cultivating new land; clearing; reclamation
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
failure; mistake; blunder
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
without permission; without notice
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
reclamation (e.g. of wasteland); cultivation; development; pioneering; opening up (e.g. of a new market); breaking new ground
substantial; real (as opposed to nominal)
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
practical use; application; making good use of; conjugation; inflection
to scheme; to plan; to play a trick; to invent; to conspire; to frame up
to try all possible means
in spite of; despite; although; nonetheless; nevertheless; but
plot; scheme; trick; design; intrigue; artifice
setback; deadlock; standstill; impasse; miscarriage
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back