if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
uneasiness; vague apprehension; premonition
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
shore; bank (of a body of water)
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to blow (of the wind); to blow (one's breath); to breathe out; to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); to emit (smoke, fire, etc.); to spout
ripple; ring on the water; repercussions; Japanese slit drum; instrument made of iron with slits on top; makes a rippling sound
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to jump up; to start up; to leap to one's feet; to fly away; to take off
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to jump; to leap; to splash (of oil, mud, etc.); to spatter; to burst; to crack open
to be heard; to be audible; to sound (like); to come across (as); to be well known; to be famous
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
silence; stillness; quietness
rule; domination; direction; management; control (of one's destiny, public opinion, etc.); governing
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to let out; to utter; to issue; to send; to leave; to depart
to hesitate to; to waver; to be hesitant about
to allow light to pass through; to shine light through
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
to surround; to crowd around; to gather around; to encircle; to besiege
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
to grow thickly; to be in full leaf; to be rampant; to luxuriate; to be luxurious
sky; the skies; high-altitude sky; upper air
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
lightly; wide (open); gapingly; suddenly; unexpectedly
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen