new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (of China; 9-23 CE)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
proclamation; dissemination; promulgation
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
important; essential; significant; major; key; principal
matter; thing; affair; circumstance
about; on; regarding; per; for every
to be worried; to be troubled
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
(social) position; status; standing; position (in a company, organization, etc.); post; rank
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
(social) standing; status; identity; birth; one's circumstances; one's means
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
post; official position; managerial position; executive position
appointment; nomination; ordination; commission; designation
treatment; reception; service; working conditions; salary; pay
title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title; position (in a company); degree; status; rank
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
(in the same way) as before; as always
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
without; unacceptable; not alright; (arch.) nonexistent; (arch.) not being (there)
or; either ... or; maybe; perhaps; some ... and others ...; sometimes ... and at other times ...
provisional; temporary; tentative; interim
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
diversion (e.g. of funds); appropriation; misappropriation; making use of (for another purpose); reuse; repurpose
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to take (seat, position, course, office, etc.); to assume; to ascend (the throne); to accede; to start (on a journey); to commence
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish