indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
one roll; one book; one volume; first volume; rolling once; wrapping once around
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
day something goes on sale; date of issue; release date
day in question; appointed day; that very day; the day (of issue, publication, etc.)
additional printing; additional print run; reprint
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
of course; certainly; naturally
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
record; document; minutes; record (e.g. in sports); setting (a record); recording (a record high, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
excitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
while; during; while; although; all; both
telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme
depiction; description; portrayal
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
school; proofreading; proof
structure; construction; makeup; framework; organization; pattern
about; on; regarding; per; for every
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
to be crowded; to be packed; to be complex; to go into; to put into; to do intently
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying