general; universal; ordinary; average; (arch.) the same; (arch.) no different
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
reception compound; part of the palace where important ceremonies were held
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
Daigaku-ryō; former imperial university of Japan, established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators
entrance ceremony (when students enter a dormitory)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
admiration; wonder; astonishment
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
quiet (place); still; silent; inconspicuously; modestly; quietly
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
government; government service; the bureaucracy; government post; government official
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
to punish; to penalize; to penalise
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
considerably; fairly; quite; rather; pretty
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
the Four Heavenly Kings (Dhrtarastra, Virudhaka, Virupaksa, and Vaisravana); the big four (i.e. four leaders in a given field)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
on a stage; on a platform; on an altar
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
neglecting; ignoring; paying no attention to; superior to (e.g. a professional); outdoing; outshining