hello; good day; good afternoon
next volume (of a book, comic, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
how; in what way; how about; questionable
don't you think?; indicates question
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
ominous; sinister; unlucky; inauspicious
numeral; digit; figure; number; a few characters
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
confrontation; to face; to confront; to encounter
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
composition; construction; formation; makeup; structure; organization
face; mask; face guard; striking the head (in kendo); surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
attempt; trial; experiment; endeavour (endeavor); effort; venture
challenge; defiance; dare; attempt; try
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
impressions; thoughts; feelings; reactions
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; anticipation; looking forward to; something to look forward to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...