indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
performance of one's official duties
period of time; time slot; time zone
office (e.g. the Oval Office)
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
through; throughout; through (the good offices of); by way of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
floating; drifting; suspension; (arch.) wandering (about)
town; city; municipal; urban
union; combination; association; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
headquarters; head office; main office
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
tremendous; immense; enormous; colossal; stupendous; huge
(political) power; authority; influence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to boast of; to be proud of; to take pride in
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
(theatrical) farce; stuffing; stuffed food; phallus
(school) grade; year; class; grade; kyu (junior rank in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.)
forcing (e.g. a vote); carrying out (forcibly); pushing ahead (with); enforcement
type; style; mold; mould; kata (set sequence of positions and movements in martial arts); style (in kabuki, noh, etc.); convention
empty air; sky; shunyata (the lack of an immutable intrinsic nature within any phenomenon); emptiness; air force; fruitlessness; meaninglessness
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
educational institution; school; academy; campus
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
(air or sea) route; course; line; run
neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to stop communicating; to never be heard from again; to disappear; to go missing
details; particulars; detailed; specific; close-up view (of a digitally displayed map); zoomed-in view
investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey