friend; companion; comrade; accompaniment; companion (e.g. book); complement
blessing of man; winning with a discard on the first turn
lesson; precept; teachings; moral
sentiment; emotions; one's feelings; one's heart
long life; longevity; long-lived; long-running (e.g. TV program)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to give; to do (something) for
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
parent; parents; dealer; banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
readiness; (mental) preparedness; resolution; determination; resignation (to one's fate)
life; living; I; me; student
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
state of affairs; situation; conditions; circumstances
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
material (for a story, article, etc.); information; joke; jest; proof; evidence; (magician's) trick
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
program (e.g. TV); programme
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
(period of) a year; during the era (of)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like