what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to collapse; to crumble; to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to break down; to be thrown into disarray; to crash (stock market)
sound; noise; (musical) note; fame
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to be heard; to be audible; to sound (like); to come across (as); to be well known; to be famous
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
to roll; to tumble; to fall over; to roll over; to lie down; to be scattered about; to be lying around
many; much; plenty; hardly
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
to gather; to (pick up and) collect; to glean (information)
woman; female; feminine gender
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to put out one's hand; to extend one's arm; to reach (for); to try one's hand at (something new)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
radical (of a kanji character)
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
shoe; shoes; boots; footwear; footgear
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
to flip; to snap; to repel; to use (an abacus); to calculate; to strum
to close (one's eyes); to shut
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
ill-bred; vulgar; boorish
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
foursome; group of four people; Gang of Four (Maoist political faction)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!