early summer; fourth month of the lunar calendar
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
restlessly; nervously; uneasily; in a fidget
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
young person; youth; young
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
way; style; ceremony; rite; wedding (ceremony); equation
the other day; a few days ago
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
imperial court; royal court
to be fickle; to be frivolous; to be flippant; to be flighty; to be giddy; to be restless
husband and wife; married couple
neighbouring country; neighboring country; adjacent country
travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
flapping; rattling; (running) with a clatter; noisily; (falling) one after another; in quick succession; busily
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
large building; building with a long roof; counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; operation; moving picture
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
busy; hectic; hurried; rapid; quick; sudden
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
departure; leaving; setting off
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
orchestra member; musician
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)