a long time (since the last time); first in a long time; it's been a long time; long time no see
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
long work; (full-length) novel; feature-length film; long poem
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be associated (with); to be connected (with)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
scoring combination of a 9 and a 1 in oicho-kabu
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
of course; certainly; naturally
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
genealogy; lineage; family tree; pedigree
continuance; survival; persistence; retention; duration
now; the present time; just now; another; more
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
material civilization; material civilisation
science; to think about scientifically; to think in terms of science