exception; supernumerary; extra (e.g. performance, item, object, etc.); additional; outsize
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
all day long; all the day; throughout the day
rumbling (of thunder, one's stomach, etc.); grumbling; rolling (of something large and heavy); tumbling; all over the place; everywhere; idly
system where all students live in dormitories; residential system; boarding system (e.g. boarding school)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
staying somewhere else (overnight); spending the night away (e.g. from home); going home (e.g. from hospital) for the night; sleepover
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to go on a trip; to go out to play; to go and visit (a friend)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
choices; alternatives; options
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
particularly; only; in the case of
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
height (e.g. of summer); peak (e.g. of cherry blossom season); prime (of one's life); (one's) best days; (being in) heat; rut
student (esp. a university student)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
(something) has never occurred; to have never done (something); such a thing has not happened; never happens; there is never a time when
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
tedious; boring; dull; to feel bored; to get bored (with); to get tired (of)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
spare time; free time; time (it takes to do something); time required; time off; leave; dismissal
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
television; TV; TV program; TV programme; TV broadcast
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga