prefix for forming ordinal numbers
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch; mage
very young; little; childish; immature
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to be torn off; to come off; to be torn to pieces; to be torn to shreds
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
sunlight; rays of the Sun
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
reflection; reverberation; reflex; reflexes
glittering; sparkling; glistening; twinkling
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
too large (clothing); baggy; bulging; warping; parp; toot
leather boots; rubber boots; wellingtons; wellies; long boots; high boots
in addition; furthermore; above (which); on top of (which)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross (e.g. road); to traverse
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
vacant land; unoccupied ground; empty lot; empty point
to face; to go towards; to head towards
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
favorite; favourite; pet (e.g. teacher's pet); bookmark (in a web browser)
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to be broken; to break; to break (down); to stop working; to fall through (of a plan, deal, etc.); to collapse