chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
silver hair; gray hair; grey hair
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
minimum; lowest; minimal; at a minimum
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
item; heading; category; headword (in a dictionary, encyclopedia, etc.); entry
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
restriction; restraint; limitation; limit
waking up early; getting up early; early rising
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
pupil; student; schoolchild
majority; more than half; most (of); mostly; largely; mainly
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stand (something) up; to put upright; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to let out; to raise (a cloud of dust, smoke, etc.)
cannot (due to external circumstances); cannot afford to; must not; impossible to; no way one can (do)
platform truck; hand truck; trolley; truck; bogie
use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly