pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
nerve; nerves; sensitivity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shave (wood, leather, etc.); to sharpen (e.g. pencil); to cut down (budget, expenses, staff, time, etc.); to curtail; to delete; to erase
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
fort; stronghold; fortification
order of chivalry; chivalric order
head; lead; vanguard; first
royal capital; imperial capital
to turn towards; to point
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
eastern part; the east (of a region)
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
territory (of country, feudal domain, etc.); (arch.) counter for suits of clothing, sets of armor, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be added to; to be appended; to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate; to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
wherein; therein; thereinto
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
kernel; core; nucleus; center; centre
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
no more than; just; only; mere; goes no further than
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
fame (for one's bravery); great renown
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
middle-aged man; Buddhist priest