to vomit; to throw up; to emit; to send forth; to give (an opinion); to make (a comment)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
shirt (undergarment); undershirt; singlet; shirt (outerwear; usu. with collar and buttons)
two sheets (of paper or other flat objects)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
jersey (fabric); jersey; (sports) uniform top; sweatsuit; tracksuit; Jersey (cattle)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on; to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
physical education; PE; gym (class)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
marathon training in physical education classes in Japanese schools
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
turning round; going around; turning about; surrounding; encircling
to turn; to rotate; to go around; to circle; to make the rounds (of); to go around (several places); to go by way of
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
pupil; student; schoolchild
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to name; to call; to christen; to term
course; route; course (of study); program; lane (in running, swimming, etc.); course (of action); policy
counter for laps or circuits; perimeter; Zhou dynasty (of China; approx. 1046-256 BCE); Chou dynasty
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)