indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
outline; summary; argument
returning home to one's parents (orig. of a married person); visiting one's parents (for a prolonged period of stay); bride's first visit to her parents after getting married; coming back (of an item; after having been on loan, etc. abroad); (arch.) temporarily returning to one's home (of a servant)
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
to stop communicating; to never be heard from again; to disappear; to go missing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to await; to wait for; to expect
terrible; terrifying; dreadful; astonishing; astounding; staggering
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); seeker; Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
person who died for a cause; guinea pig (for a new product or service); test subject; hitobashira; ritual human sacrifice by burying a living person under or near a large-scale construction project to invoke divine protection
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to lock up; to shut up; to imprison
older sister; elder sister
to carry off; to run away with; to sweep away; to take entirely for oneself; to monopolize
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to reverberate; to resound; to echo; to have one's fame spread; to be renowned
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
to go down and stand; to alight; to get down
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
glow of a firefly; nearly extinguished fire; embers
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
spirit; psyche; god; deity; divinity
fly (any insect of infraorder Muscomorpha); person of no worth; pisher; scrub
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to form; to make; to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to accomplish; to achieve; to change (into)
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and