preface; foreword; introduction; beginning; start
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); seeker; Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
representative; exemplary; model
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
setsubun; last day of winter in the traditional Japanese calendar (usu. February 3 or 4) on which a bean scattering ceremony is held; last day of any season (according to the traditional Japanese calendar)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
representation; representative; exemplification; typification; leader; switchboard number
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
two (long cylindrical things)
angle; square; cube; bishop; third degree (of the Japanese and Chinese pentatonic scale); Chinese "horn" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); jiao (monetary unit of China; one-tenth of a yuan)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to split; to tear; to burst; to be separated; to be divided
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to open (one's eyes) wide
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
by means of; due to; because of; according to
characteristic; (distinctive) feature; peculiarity; spot color; spot colour
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
facial expression; countenance; look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)
to form; to make; to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to accomplish; to achieve; to change (into)
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
muscles and bones; body build; physique; cartilage
burly; strong; indomitable; indefatigable; robust (vitality, appetite, economic growth, etc.); strong
fundoshi; loincloth; kimono underskirt; wrestler's ornamental apron
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
fixed form; regular shape; standard-size mail
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
direction; way; point of the compass; cardinal direction; method; means
the northeastern (unlucky) direction; person or thing to be avoided; (lit.) the demon's gate; weak point; Achilles' heel
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to avoid; to refrain from; to shun; to detest
a kind; a sort; of sorts; something of a; sort of; somewhat
wordplay; play on words; pun; rhyming game
idea; conception; way of thinking; approach; expression
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; so