preface; foreword; introduction; beginning; start
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be smeared; to be covered
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
blade; sword; forged blade; wavy pattern on forged blades; sharpness; unhulled rice
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
parched; dried-up; empty; hollow; rattling; clattering
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to slide; to glide; to slip; to skid; to be slippery; to fail (an examination); to lose (a position)
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
right; right-hand side; right hand; the above (in a piece of vertical writing); above-mentioned; the right (wing)
distorted; crooked; oval; elliptical shape; round, wooden container for cooked rice; oval coin
wound; injury; chip; crack; flaw; defect
to create; to bring forth; to invent; to think up and bring into being; to give birth to; to bear
dangerous weapon; lethal weapon; deadly weapon; murder weapon
misfortune; bad luck; ill luck; ill fortune
lady attendant; female servant; lady's maid; waiting maid
at one's feet; underfoot; gait; pace; most recent; current
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to (finally) arrive at; to reach (at last); to (manage to) get to; to find one's way to
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be silent; to say nothing
to stare (at); to gaze (at); to look hard (at); to watch intently; to fix one's eyes (on)
that gentleman; that lady; he; she
one clap; one beat; one mora (taken as a unit of time)
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
to be upset; to lose one's composure; to lose self-control; to put in disorder; to mess up; to disturb
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (of a book); (one) complete set (of books)
amendment; correction; revision; modification; alteration; retouching
while; during; while; although; all; both
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
sign of life; human presence; humanity; humaneness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
imperial villa; royal villa; detached palace
corridor; hallway; passageway
to run through (a crowd, gate, etc.); to sweep through (e.g. of news through a city); to run past (someone) from behind; to overtake
to go away; to become more distant; to fade away; to be estranged