recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
royal castle; imperial castle
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
suffix for familiar person
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
round; circular; curved; smooth; harmonious; calm
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
serious; severe; grave; acute
atmosphere; mood; a certain air; presence; (Earth's) atmosphere
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to go smoothly; to turn out well; to do the trick; to have peaceful relations
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
serious; earnest; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
nothing but; except; no more than
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
succession; continuation; series; sequence
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?