chapter one; first chapter
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
abandoned child; foundling
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pick up; to gather; to find (and pick up; something someone has dropped); to select; to choose; to get (unexpectedly); to hit upon (luck, an opportunity, etc.)
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
benefactor; patron; person to whom one owes a great deal; person to whom one is (deeply) indebted
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
mountain; hill; mine; (mountain) forest; heap; pile; protruding or high part of an object
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
famine; crop failure; chronic shortage (e.g. of water)
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
war; fighting; fierce competition
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to turn; to rotate; to pass around; to send around; to move (someone or something to where its needed); to send; to turn (to a new use)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
poverty; need; destitution; having great difficulty with; struggling greatly with; being in distress