today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon); trace
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
ghost that appears at sea during a shipwreck; something strange or suspicious; mask for roles involving dead or ghost characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
lack of expression; lack of emotion; blank look (on one's face)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
to rise to the surface; to come to the front; to emerge (e.g. from obscurity); to stand out (e.g. against a dark background)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
thunderstorm; thundershower
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
5th day of the month; five days
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to put out one's hand; to extend one's arm; to reach (for); to try one's hand at (something new)
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
to roll; to tumble; to fall over; to roll over; to lie down; to be scattered about; to be lying around
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to hold out; to extend (e.g. a hand); to present; to submit; to sacrifice; to give (up)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality