indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
head; brains; intellect; understanding
war; battle; match; game; competition
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to engrave an inscription; to call (designate) itself; to mark; to label
play; playing; pleasure; amusement; play (in a mechanism, e.g. a steering wheel); slack
process; course; mechanism
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
exceedingly; extremely; decisively
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
dignity; eminent; high ranking; high-order (digit, bit, etc.)
existence; being; presence
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
touch; contact; contact (with people); dealings; tangency
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
mind; spirit; attitude; mentality; spirit (of a matter); essence
body; physique; shape; form; substance; identity; field
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
uroboros; ouroboros (image of a serpent or dragon swallowing its own tail)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
ancient times; distant past; antiquity
town; city; municipal; urban
Japanese pagoda tree (Sophora japonica)
(archeological) remains; ruins; relics
mining; digging; working (a mine)
place; spot; grounds; arena; stadium; range
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
long hair (usu. of a man)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
large build; large pattern
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you
frequently; often; (staring) fixedly; narrowly; closely
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)