hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
time; hour; period; class
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
stretch (of a material); stretch material; stretch (exercise); stretching; stretch; straight (course)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
blip bleep; in short repeated movements
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
then; and (then); in that case; if so
inventory; stock; goods; list
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
replenishment; supplementation; supplement; replacement; refilling
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
does not seem; unlikely; improbable
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
walking; strolling; roaming; wandering; exploring
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
by means of; due to; because of; according to