this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
feature; trait; characteristic; peculiarity; distinction
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give (an example); to list; to summon up (e.g. all of one's energy); to gather; to arrest (a criminal); to capture; to nominate (e.g. for a position)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
existence; being; presence
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
pair; couple; antithesis; counter for items that come in pairs; counter for sets (of clothes, small furniture, utensils, etc.)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't you think?; indicates question
for example; for instance; e.g.
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
tiger (Panthera tigris); drunkard; drunk; sot
group; body; party; company; troupe; gang
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
bravery; courage; heroism
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
versus; against; to (e.g. score of 4 to 2, ratio of 3 to 1, vote of 320 to 180); toward ...; to ...; equal footing
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
asymmetry; dissymmetry; unsymmetry
similar but different; alike only in appearance; falsely similar; spurious; sham; pseudo-
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
light; lamp; counter for electric lights
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)