government and municipal offices; public agencies
steel tower; electricity pylon; transmission tower
just this side of; one step short of; on the brink
to hesitate; to think twice; to flinch; to get cold feet
suffering; distress; hardship; trial
sharpness; cutting ability; quickness (of wit); incisiveness; peppiness (of a ball)
to try and draw someone out; to fish for information; (for a shrine maiden) to present water to spirits while invoking them; to offer water before a grave
district; quarter; enclosure; area enclosed by earthwork; red-light district
feudal retainer or warrior
member of shogun's council of elders
outside a gate; beyond one's area of expertise
unable to stomach; sticking in one's throat; displeased with
quiz; short test; mini test
to squeeze (to the utmost); to wring out; to squeeze (money) out of someone; to wring (money) from; to scold; to criticize severely; to train ruthlessly
revere the Emperor; expel the western barbarians (19th century slogan)
oppression; suppression; pressure
(Edo-period) chief minister
Ii Naosuke (1815-1860.3.24)
March; third month of the lunar calendar
feudal system of the shogunate and domains
shogunate marital union with the Imperial Family
Emperor Koumei; Koumei Tenno (1831-1866 CE, reigning: 1846-1866 CE)
Kazunomiya (1846.7.3-1877.9.2)
Tokugawa Iemochi (1846.7.17-1866.8.29), Shougun 1858-1866
marriage of an Imperial princess to a subject
reverence for the emperor; advocate of imperial rule
Iwaki (former province located in the central and eastern parts of present-day Fukushima and southern Miyagi prefectures)
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
Fukushima prefecture (Tōhoku area)
dead person; (the) deceased; (the) dead; casualties
logic; reasoning; argument; line of argument
justice; right; righteousness; correct meaning; correct explanation