already; now; no longer; not any more
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
finishing blow; coup de grâce
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pierce; to stab; to sting; to bite; to sew; to stitch; to pole (a boat)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to disdain; to look down on; to make light of; to hold in contempt; to scorn; to despise
to corner; to drive to the wall; to run down; to track down; to chase after
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
there's no knowing; there's no telling; it's anyone's guess; who knows?
long-serving soldier; veteran
vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard
war; fighting; fierce competition
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
experienced person; person who has had a particular experience
distance; difference; gap; disparity; gulf; chasm
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint); sharing (files, devices on a network, posts on social media, etc.)
recognition; awareness; perception; understanding; knowledge; cognition
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
losing posture; falling position from which it is impossible to recover; lame duck; hopeless situation
negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
law; rule; regulation; destiny; fate; karma