thank you for your continued patronage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
height of; middle of; full bloom
too (much); overly; excessively
hot (to the touch); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to cool; to chill; to calm down; to cool off; to be frightened (at); to be scared (of)
amazake; sweet drink made from fermented rice or sake lees
to drink; to swallow; to smoke (tobacco); to swallow up; to engulf; to suppress (one's anger, bitter feelings, etc.); to keep down
while; during; while; although; all; both
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
juice; soft drink (usu. fruit-based); sweetened drink
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); assistance; help; effects; influence
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
each place; every place; various places; all parts (of the country, world, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
favorable reception; good reputation; popularity
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
various; a variety of; variously; in various ways; various things; this and that
development; evolution; expansion; spreading out; expansion (of an algebraic expression); development (of a three-dimensional shape); extraction (of compressed data)
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
time; season; period; phase; stage
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to slide; to slip off; to get dislocated; to be out of alignment; to get dislodged; to deviate
to take in one's hand; to pick up; to obtain
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...