indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
confession (to a crime, wrongdoing, etc.); admission; professing one's feelings (to someone one wants to go out with); declaration of love; profession (of faith); confession (of sins)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
declining; refusal; rejection; announcement; notice
shop; store; someone who sells (something) or works as (something); someone with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
(talent) scout; recruiter; scouting; headhunting; Boy Scouts; Girl Scouts
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
neighbour to the right (person, building, etc.)
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
field (for growing wheat, fruit, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
company president; manager; director
opposition; resistance; antagonism; reverse; opposite; inverse
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to reseat oneself; to correct one's posture
coffee cup; spinning teacups (amusement ride)
to take in one's hand; to pick up; to obtain
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
aroma; fragrance; scent; smell
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
public entertainment; performing arts; accomplishments; attainments
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
kneeling down on the ground; prostrate oneself
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; impulse
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
first of all; at once; for now; for the time being; anyway; at least
suffix for familiar person
to have a talk; to tell a story
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing