office work; clerical work; administration; business; affairs
resolution; vote; decision
to read out; to read aloud; to call out; to finish reading; to read through
multiracial nation; multiethnic country
prescribed form (of writing); format
that's true; of course; obviously
master; expert; mansion; large house; rich family; distinguished family
dispute; contention; conflict; controversy
seeing for the first time; first sight; first meeting; sight-reading
favour; favor; favourite; favorite; patron; supporter
foreigner; foreign citizen; foreign national; alien; non-Japanese
enactment; establishment; creation
proclamation; promulgation
count; earl; chief official of the Department of Worship; (arch.) eldest brother; Brazil; Brazilian
(arch.) three-legged metal pot or kettle (used in ancient China)
relative weight; lightness and heaviness; relative importance; gravity
area of expertise; (one's) field; (one's) line
giving the Emperor advice on affairs of state; assistance; counsel
to give something weight; to give something dignity
accomplishment; execution
to be discordant; to have discord
merit system (as opposed to seniority); meritocracy; ability-ism
relation; connection; affinity
book title; heading; topic; subject; Nichiren Buddhist chant
to fight; to compete; to contest; to argue; to dispute heatedly
argument; discussion; dispute; controversy
able; capable; competent; talented; efficient
to get burned and stuck on (e.g. rice in a pan); to become uncollectable (e.g. debt or loan); to become irrecoverable; to remain unchanged (e.g. stock market)
floating and sinking; rise and fall; ebb and flow; ups and downs
rise and fall; ups and downs
extinction; discontinuation; severance; rupture; to become extinct; to cease to exist
strategy; stratagem; trick; scheme; plot
to disrupt; to ruin; to hinder; to thwart
commander; general; leader
noted family; noble family; prestigious school, organization, business, etc.
to distribute; to hand out; to deliver; to allot; to allocate; to place (staff, soldiers, etc.)
to succeed (someone); to take over from; to pick up the torch
successor; replacement; second wife
directly under; falling perpendicularly
imperial lands; shogun's demesne