prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
power; authority; jurisdiction
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
freezing (e.g. water); freezing (prices, wages, assets, etc.); moratorium; suspension (e.g. investment)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
direct control; direct supervision
(one's) superior; (one's) boss; the higher-ups
cardinal (Catholic church)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in that way; thus; so; so?
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
third day of the month; three days
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
as a matter of fact; actually; effectively; in reality; in effect
self restraint; moderating one's behaviour; penitence; confinement to one's home; house arrest
command; order; dictation; nth year in the Reiwa era (May 1, 2019-)
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
restriction; restraint; binding; constraint
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
somewhere to go; place to go
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
aimlessly; unexpectedly (showing up); slowly swaying; staggering; moving feebly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to head towards; to direct one's steps to
avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to crush (with the weight of misfortune)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do